C 3.3 WET ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTICS C 3.3.1 Introduction Wet aluminum (Al) electrolytic capacitors continuously generate hydrogen gas under operation, even under a small residual charge. (note: if capacitors are stored voltage-free no hydrogen is being released during storage). That hydrogen must be able to diffuse and exit the package or it will rupture. Thus conventional wet Al electrolytics must not be hermetic sealed. The...

C 3.2 CONCEPTS AND MEASUREMENTS C 3.2.1 The CV product The product CR x VR is called the CV product and is a measure of the charge quantity. CR is expressed in µF and VR in volt. The product has the quantity µAs or µC (microCoulomb). C 3.2.2 Leakage current / DC Leakage (DCL) The leakage current (DCL) in electrolytics increases linearly as DC...

C 3 ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS Electrolytic capacitors are more complicated than electrostatic capacitors in their construction. The function of electrolyte is to provide electric connection to the first electrode with very high surface with fine structure and thus to achieve high capacitance values. The capacitors have an anode and a cathode and thus they are polarity dependent. Between the anode and the cathode there is...

C 2.12 OTHER INORGANIC DIELECTRICS C 2.12.1 Class 3 ceramics The headlined type of ceramic capacitor are also called barrier layer capacitor. It consists of sintered granules of titanium oxides with semiconductor properties. On the surface of every granule there is created a capacitive barrier layer zone. The sum of all small capacitance elements gives a high total capacitance. The dielectric constant will be...

Silicon MIS and MOS Capacitors Silicon-based dielectrics are used within semiconductor manufacturing processes of high density electronic devices by semiconductor manufacturing processes. Silicon based dielectrics for capacitor technologies are usually based on silicon dioxide (MIS) or silicon nitride (MOS) insulating layers. Figure below describes a conventional MOS technology to make silicon capacitors. SEM image at a 70° tilt after RIE etch. Top shows remaining...