C1.4 ENERGY CONTENTS / FORCE MANIFESTATIONS C 1.4.1 Energy contents The energy stored in a capacitor can be described as …………… C 1.4.2 Force action from electromagnetic fields Parallel current carrying conductors are surrounded by magnetic fields exerting forces on each other. If currents flow in the same direction the fields (and the conductors) attract each other. If the current flows in opposite directions...
L.1.5 Core materials and their losses Introducing solids into a magnetic field, their behaviour can be classified in three groups: diamagnetic materials paramagnetic materials ferromagnetic materials Diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials have a relative permeability close to one. They are therefore only of limited suitability in the construction of inductive components. Ferromagnetic materials have a relative permeability between 10 and 100 000. In order to...
L.1.2 Magnetic induction B A potential is induced in a conductor loop if the magnetic field passing through the conductor loop changes with time. Featured Image Fig. 1.10: Experimental configuration for magnetic induction The surge in potential over the area of the loop is known as the magnetic induction B. Like the magnetic field strength, the magnetic induction B is a vector quantity. The...
C1.3 LOSSES C 1.3.1 Impedance and ESR A capacitor creates in AC circuits a resistance, the capacitive reactance (Formula C1-3). There is also certain inductance in the capacitor. In AC circuits it produces an inductive reactance that tries to neutralize the capacitive one. Finally the capacitor has resistive losses. Together these three elements produce the impedance, Z. If we apply an AC voltage over...
C1.2 INSULATION RESISTANCE, IR Figure C1-10. Schematic of the Insulation Resistance IR in a capacitor The dielectric of a capacitor has a large area and a short length. Even if the material is a good isolator there always flows a certain current between the charged electrodes (the current increases exponentially with the temperature). This leakage can be described as a parallel resistance with a...
