C 2.6 POLYSTYRENE (PS) and POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE (PPS) Polystyrene (PS) represents a non-polar dielectric material that just as polycarbonate to a great extent has been replaced by polypropylene. The availability is strongly limited due to ceased production. Polyphenylene Sulfide or simply PPS has come to stay mainly because of its relatively high temperature resistance which has allowed SMD manufacture. C 2.6.1  General comments to...

C 2.4  POLYPROPYLENE (PP) / KP and MKP In the book we use the common European abbreviations KP for film/foil and MKP for metallized film. C 2.4.1 Introduction Polypropylene (PP) is from a molecular point of view a non-polar dielectric with small losses and a relatively straight and moderate TC. Since the smallest film thickness is approx. 3.5 μm (0.14 mils) and εr ≈ 2.3...

C 2.3 POLYESTER CAPACITORS (PET)/ KT and MKT Sometimes polyester capacitors are called Mylar. The abbreviation PET above comes from Poly Ethylene Tereph­­talate (also abbreviated PETP). On the pattern of European standards we use in this book the common abbreviations KT for film/foil design and MKT for metallized film. Otherwise we write en clair or with the summary abbreviation PET. As ´polyester´ also Poly...

R 4  POTENTIOMETERS R 4.1 CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS Potentiometers are electromechanical components and therefore exposed not only to the weaknesses of fixed resistors but also to all the failure possibilities of electromechanics. The reliability is comparatively poor. It will be even lower if we try to tool the shafts for our own special applications!! The total resistance seldom is critical and usually follows the...

L.2. Equivalent Circuits and Simulation Models Modern measuring equipment, such as the HP4195A impedance analyzer and similar instruments, allow computer-aided derivation of equivalent circuits and their optimization. Constant parameters for inductance L, capacitance C and resistance R are required for the simulation of electronic circuits. An incorrect approach in defining an equivalent circuit leads to flawed or incorrect simulation results. Equivalent circuit parameters are...